distinguish
英 [d?'st??gw??]
美 [d?'st??ɡw??]
- vt. 區分；辨別；使杰出，使表現突出
- vi. 區別，區分；辨別
助記提示
1. dis- "apart" + stingu- + -ish.
2. => separate by pricking.
3. => separate, discriminate.
4. sting(諧音“死叮”) => stingu- "prick, pierce".
5. 詞根：諧音“死叮”。
中文詞源
distinguish 區分dis-, 分開，散開。-sting, 刺，做標記，詞源同sting, stick. 即分開標記的，區分清楚的。
英文詞源
- distinguish (v.)
- 1560s, from Middle French distinguiss-, stem of distinguer, or directly from Latin distinguere "to separate between, keep separate, mark off, distinguish," perhaps literally "separate by pricking," from dis- "apart" (see dis-) + -stinguere "to prick" (compare extinguish and Latin instinguere "to incite, impel").
Watkins says "semantic transmission obscure;" the sense might be from "pricking out" as the old way to make punctuation in parchment or some literal image, but de Vaan derives the second element from a different PIE root meaning "to push, thrust."
The meanings of ex- and restinguere 'to extinguish' and distinguere seem quite distinct, but can be understood if the root meant 'to press' or 'push': ex-stinguere 'to put a fire out', re-stinguere 'to push back, suppress', and dis-stinguere 'to push apart [thence] distinguish, mark off ...."
The suffix -ish is due to the influence of many verbs in which it is the equivalent of Old French -iss-, ultimately from Latin inchoative suffix -iscere (this is also the case in extinguish, admonish, and astonish). Related: Distinguishing. The earlier form of the verb was distinguen (mid-14c.).
雙語例句
- 1. It is common to distinguish between personal and social ethics.
- 個人道德準則和社會道德準則常常不一致。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. It is necessary to distinguish the policies of two successive governments.
- 分清前后兩屆政府的政策很有必要。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. There were cries, calls. He could distinguish voices.
- 有哭聲、喊聲——他能聽出不同的聲音。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong?
- 兒童到什么年齡才能明辨是非？
來自《權威詞典》
- 5. It is not easy to distinguish cultured pearls from genuine pearls.
- 辨別真正的珍珠與養殖的珍珠不容易.
來自《簡明英漢詞典》