forfeit
英 ['f??f?t]
美 ['f?rf?t]
- n. 罰金；沒收物；喪失的東西
- adj. 因受罰而喪失的；被沒收的
- vt. （因犯罪、失職、違約等）喪失（權利、名譽、生命等）
助記提示
1. foris "out of doors, outside" => for- "outside, beyond" => foreign, forfeit, forum.
2. 行為超出、越出了規定，也就是違法、犯罪了，自然就會對其進行相應的處罰。
3. 音：罰費的。
4. for-否定，feit=feat-做——做錯了事——喪失的東西
中文詞源
forfeit 被沒收，罰金for-, 在外面，超過，詞源同foreign. -feit, 做，詞源同fact.原義為做過頭的，越界的，衍生詞義犯罪，處罰，沒收。
英文詞源
- forfeit
- forfeit: [13] A forfeit was originally a ‘transgression’ or ‘misdemeanour’. The word comes from Old French forfet, a derivative of the verb forfaire or forsfaire ‘commit a crime’. This was a compound formed from fors- ‘beyond (what is permitted or legal)’, which is descended from Latin forīs ‘outdoor, outside’ (source of English forest and related to foreign), and faire ‘do, act’, which came from Latin facere (whence English fact, fashion, feature, etc).
The etymological meaning ‘misdeed’ was originally taken over from Old French into Middle English (‘Peter was in hand nummen [taken] for forfait he had done’, Cursor mundi 1300), but by the 15th century it was being edged out by ‘penalty imposed for committing such a misdeed’.
=> door, fact, factory, fashion, forest, foreign - forfeit (n.)
- late 14c., forfet, "misdeed, offense against established authority," also "something to which the right is lost through a misdeed," from Old French forfet, forfait "crime, punishable offense" (12c.), originally past participle of forfaire "transgress," from for- "outside, beyond" (from Latin foris; see foreign) + faire "to do" (from Latin facere; see factitious). A French version of Medieval Latin foris factum; the notion perhaps is to "do too much, go beyond (what is right)." As an adjective from late 14c., from Old French forfait. Compare foreclose.
- forfeit (v.)
- mid-14c., " transgress, offend, misbehave;" late 14c., "to lose by misconduct," from forfeit (n.) or from Anglo-French forfet, Old French forfait, past participle of forfaire. Related: Forfeited; forfeits; forfeiting.
雙語例句
- 1. He was ordered to forfeit more than ￡1.5m in profits.
- 下令沒收了他150多萬英鎊的盈利。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. That is the forfeit he must pay.
- 這是他必須付的罰金。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. If you cancel your flight, you will forfeit your deposit.
- 乘客取消航班訂位，定金概不退還。
來自《權威詞典》
- 4. Her health was the forfeIt'she paid for working too hard.
- 她的健康的喪失是辛勞過度所致.
來自《現代英漢綜合大詞典》
- 5. Do you think that they would forfeit profit in the name of safety?
- 你認為他們會為了安全而放棄利潤嗎？
來自柯林斯例句