pool是什么意思

pool

英 [pu?l] 美 [pul]

n. 聯營；撞球；水塘；共同資金
vi. 聯營，合伙經營
vt. 合伙經營
n. (Pool)人名；(英、西)普爾；(芬、德)波爾

中文詞源

pool 水塘，池塘

來自古英語pol,水塘，來自West-Germanic*pol,水塘，來自PIE*bale,沼澤，可能來自PIE*beu,鼓起，膨脹，詞源同ball,pock.

pool 普爾，臺球，共用的資源

來自法語poule,打賭，下注，原義為母雞，詞源同pullet.來自一種中世紀的斗雞游戲jeu de la poule,斗雞之樂，jeu,快樂，詞源同joy.非兩只雞打架，而是先把一只母雞趕得到處亂跑，然后參賽者往這只母雞身上扔東西，扔中者獲勝。用于指打臺球游戲，下注賭錢或者輸者付錢，后代指臺球游戲，并由共同財金引申詞義聚攏，共用，公用等，如carpool.

英文詞源

pool: pool: Pool of water [OE] and pool ‘collective amount’ [17] are distinct words in English. The former comes from a prehistoric West Germanic *pōl-, source also of German pfuhl and Dutch poel. The latter was borrowed from French poule ‘hen’, a descendant of Latin pullus ‘young chicken’ (source also of English pony, poultry, and pullet).

There was a French game called jeu de la poule, the ‘hen game’, involving throwing things at a hen – which you won as a prize if you hit it. Hence poule came to be used figuratively for ‘target’, and also for ‘that which is at stake in a game’ – source of the original meaning of English pool, ‘stake’. This evolved via ‘stake made up of players’ contributions’ to ‘collective amount’ and ‘collective resource’. Pool the snooker-like game is the same word; the game was originally played for a collective stake.
=> foal, pony, poultry, pullet
pool (n.1): "small body of water," Old English pol "small body of water; deep, still place in a river," from West Germanic *pol- (cognates: Old Frisian and Middle Low German pol, Dutch poel, Old High German pfuol, German Pfuhl). As a short form of swimming pool it is recorded from 1901. Pool party is from 1965.
pool (n.2): game similar to billiards, 1848, originally (1690s) a card game played for collective stakes (a "pool"), from French poule "stakes, booty, plunder," literally "hen," from Old French poille "hen, young fowl" (see foal (n.)).

Perhaps the original notion is from jeu de la poule, supposedly a game in which people threw things at a chicken and the player who hit it, won it, which speaks volumes about life in the Middle Ages. The notion behind the word, then, is "playing for money." The connection of "hen" and "stakes" is also present in Spanish polla and Walloon paie.

Meaning "collective stakes" in betting first recorded 1869; sense of "common reservoir of resources" is from 1917. Meaning "group of persons who share duties or skills" is from 1928. From 1933 as short for football pool in wagering. Pool shark is from 1898. The phrase dirty pool "underhanded or unsportsmanlike conduct," especially in politics (1951), seems to belong here now, but the phrase dirty pool of politics, with an image of pool (n.1) is recorded from 1871 and was in use early 20c.
pool (v.1): "to make a common interest, put things into a pool," 1871, from pool (n.2). Related: Pooled; pooling.
pool (v.2): of liquid, "to form a pool or pools," 1620s, from pool (n.1).

雙語例句

1. She was standing by a pool, about to dive in.: 她站在水池旁邊，正要往里跳。

2. He drank thirstily from the pool under the rock.: 他饑渴地喝著巖石下水潭中的水。

3. He remembered mowing the lawn, lounging around the swimming pool.: 他還記得修剪草坪、在泳池邊閑蕩的情景。

4. People are still hanging out drinking beer, maybe shooting some pool.: 人們仍聚在那里喝啤酒，可能還會打會兒臺球。

5. She was found lying in a pool of blood.: 她被發現躺在一片血泊中。

pool是什么意思

pool

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