scourge是什么意思

scourge

英 [sk??d?] 美 [sk?d?]

vt. 鞭打；蹂躪；嚴斥；痛斥
n. 鞭；災禍；鞭子；苦難的根源

中文詞源

scourge 鞭子，鞭刑，災害，禍害

來自盎格魯法語 escorge,鞭子，來自古法語 escorgier,鞭打，鞭刑，可能來自拉丁語 excoriare, 剝皮，來自 ex-,向外，corium,皮膚，獸皮，來自 PIE*sker,砍，切，分開，詞源同 shear,excoriate. 引申詞義災害，禍害。參照 Scourge of God,上帝之鞭，原指歐洲人對西漢時期入侵歐洲的匈奴王的稱號，后指元朝時再次入侵歐洲的成吉思汗。

英文詞源

scourge: scourge: [13] Scourge comes ultimately from a Latin word for a ‘long strip of leather’, corrigio, which itself was borrowed from Celtic. It had a number of specific applications, including ‘shoelace’, ‘rein’, and ‘whip’, and it was the last that formed the basis of the Vulgar Latin verb *excorrigiāre ‘whip’, which passed into English via Old French escorgier and its derived noun escorge.
scourge (n.): c. 1200, "a whip, lash," from Anglo-French escorge, back-formation from Old French escorgier "to whip," from Vulgar Latin *excorrigiare, from Latin ex- "out, off" (see ex-) + corrigia "thong, shoelace," in this case "whip," probably from a Gaulish word related to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter," from PIE root *reig- "to bind" (see rig (v.)). Figurative use from late 14c. Scourge of God, title given by later generations to Attila the Hun (406-453 C.E.), is attested from late 14c., from Latin flagellum Dei.
scourge (v.): c. 1300, "to whip," from Old French escorgier and from scourge (n.). Figurative meaning "to afflict" (often for the sake of punishment or purification) is from late 14c. Related: Scourged; scourging.

雙語例句

1. Drugs are a scourge that is devastating our society.: 毒品是破壞我們社會的一大禍害。

2. The cruel captain used a scourge on his disobedient sailor.: 那殘忍的船長鞭打不服從命令的水手.

3. After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease.: 戰亂之后瘟疫接踵而來.

4. The scourge of racial tyranny should never again be allowed to raise its ugly head.: 永遠不能讓種族主義暴政的禍患重新抬頭。

5. Farmers don't need much prompting to tell you that "flaming dog owners" are the scourge of their lives.: 不用怎么提示農場主們就會告訴你，“該死的養狗人”是他們生活的災星。

scourge是什么意思

scourge

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