sweat: [OE] Sweat is part of a widespread family of ‘sweat’-words that goes back ultimately to the prehistoric Indo-European base *sweid-, *swoid-. Other members include Greek hidrós, Latin sūdor (source of English exude [16]), Welsh chwys, Latvian sviēdri, and Sanskrit svédas. Amongst its Germanic descendants was *swaitjan, which evolved into German schweissen ‘weld’, Dutch zweeten ‘sweat’, and English sweat. Swot [19] originated as a dialectal variant of sweat. => exude, swot
sweat (v.)
Old English sw?tan "perspire," also "work hard," from Proto-Germanic *swaitjan "to sweat," from the source of sweat (n.). Compare Frisian swette, Dutch zweeten, Danish svede, German schwitzen. Meaning "to be worried, vexed" is recorded from c. 1400. Transitive sense is from late 14c. Related: Sweated; sweating. Sweating sickness was a sudden, often-fatal fever, accompanied by intense sweating, that struck England 1485 and returned periodically through mid-16c., described in the original citation (a chronicle from 1502) as "a grete deth and hasty."
sweat (n.)
Old English swat "perspiration, moisture exuded from the skin," also "labor, that which causes sweat," from Proto-Germanic *swaitaz "sweat" (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Frisian swet, Old Norse sveiti, Danish sved "sweat," Swedish svett, Middle Dutch sweet, Dutch zweet, Old High German sweiz, German Schwei?), from PIE *sweid- (2) "to sweat" (cognates: Sanskrit svedah "sweat," Avestan xvaeda- "sweat," Greek hidros "sweat, perspiration," Latin sudor, Lettish swiedri, Welsh chwys "sweat").
A widespread set of Slavic words (Polish, Russian pot "sweat") is from Old Church Slavonic potu, related to peku "heat," cognate with Latin coquere.
The Old English noun became Middle English swote, but later altered to the current form under the influence of the verb. Sweat of (one's) brow as a symbol of toil is from Gen. iii:19. Sweat equity is from 1968. Colloquial no sweat "no problem" attested from 1963.
雙語例句
1. Do you sweat a lot or flush a lot?
你常出汗或是臉上常發燙嗎？
來自柯林斯例句
2. She looked up at me with pinpricks of sweat along her hairline.
她抬頭看了我一眼，發際滲出細密的汗珠。
來自柯林斯例句
3. He awoke from his sleep in a cold sweat.
他從睡夢中醒來，渾身冒著冷汗。
來自柯林斯例句
4. Both horse and rider were dripping with sweat within five minutes.
沒過五分鐘，馬和騎手都大汗淋漓。
來自柯林斯例句
5. He wiped away the beads of sweat on his forehead.