watch
英 [w?t?]
美 [wɑt?]
- vt. 觀察；注視；看守；警戒
- n. 手表；監視；守護；值班人
- vi. 觀看，注視；守侯，看守
助記提示
1. k -----------------> ch/tch.
2. wake => watch.
3. => keep watch, be awake, be or remain awake.
中文詞源
watch 看，手表來自PIE*weg,強健的，有活力的，詞源同vegetable,wake,引申義看管，看護，插入字母t比較，bake, batch,make,match.同時，用做名詞指手表。
英文詞源
- watch
- watch: [OE] Ultimately, watch and wake are the same word. The two verbs share a common ancestor (prehistoric Germanic *wakōjan), and to begin with watch was used for ‘be awake’ (‘He sleepeth on the day and watcheth all the night’, John Lydgate, 1430). The notion of being ‘alert and vigilant’, of being ‘on the look-out’, is implicit in that of being ‘awake’ (indeed, vigil and vigilant are members of the same word family), but watch did not develop fully into ‘observe, look at closely’ until the 14th century.
The sort of watch that tells the time is probably so called not because you look at it to see what the time is, but because originally it woke you up. The earliest records of the noun’s application to a timepiece (in the 15th century) refer to an ‘alarm clock’; it was not used for what we would today recognize as a ‘watch’ until the end of the 16th century.
=> vegetable, vigil, vigour, waft, wait, wake - watch (v.)
- Old English w?ccan "keep watch, be awake," from Proto-Germanic *wakjan, from PIE *weg- (2) "to be strong, lively;" essentially the same word as Old English wacian "be or remain awake" (see wake (v.)); perhaps a Northumbrian form of it. Meaning "be vigilant" is from c. 1200. That of "to guard (someone or some place), stand guard" is late 14c. Sense of "to observe, keep under observance" is mid-15c. Related: Watched; watching.
- watch (n.)
- Old English w?cce "a watching, state of being or remaining awake, wakefulness;" also "act or practice of refraining from sleep for devotional or penitential purposes;" from w?ccan (see watch (v.)). From c. 1200 as "one of the periods into which the night is divided," in reference to ancient times translating Latin vigilia, Greek phylake, Hebrew ashmoreth.
The Hebrews divided the night into three watches, the Greeks usually into four (sometimes five), the Romans (followed by the Jews in New Testament times) into four. [OED]
On tis niht bee fowuer niht wecches: Biforen euen te bilimpee to children; Mid-niht ee bilimpee to frumberdligges; hanecrau te bilimpee towuene men; morgewile to alde men. [Trinity Homilies, c. 1200]
From mid-13c. as "a shift of guard duty; an assignment as municipal watchman;" late 13c. as "person or group obligated to patrol a town (especially at night) to keep order, etc." Also in Middle English, "the practice of remaining awake at night for purposes of debauchery and dissipation;" hence wacches of wodnesse "late-night revels and debauchery." The alliterative combination watch and ward preserves the old distinction of watch for night-time municipal patrols and ward for guarding by day; in combination, they meant "continuous vigilance."
Military sense of "military guard, sentinel" is from late 14c. General sense of "careful observation, watchfulness, vigilance" is from late 14c.; to keep watch is from late 14c. Meaning "period of time in which a division of a ship's crew remains on deck" is from 1580s. The meaning "small timepiece" is from 1580s, developing from that of "a clock to wake up sleepers" (mid-15c.).
雙語例句
- 1. In prison they'd taken away his watch and everything he possessed.
- 在監獄，他們把他的手表和其他一切東西都搜走了。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. I wound up the watch and listened to it tick.
- 我給表上緊發條，聽著它嘀嗒作響。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. Outside, Bruce glanced at his watch: "Dear me, nearly oneo'clock."
- 出了門，布魯斯瞥了一眼自己的手表，“天哪，快一點了。”
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. We can't just sit by and watch you throw your life away.
- 我們不能眼睜睜地看著你毀掉自己的生活。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. "Fourteen minutes," Chris said, taking a peep at his watch.
- “14分鐘,”克里斯瞥了一眼他的手表說道.
來自柯林斯例句